This edited volume examines how historical mathematical experiments can enrich mathematics education for children aged 9 to 12. It presents nine chapters across three domains: numbers and calculation, magnitude and measurement, and space and geometry. Each chapter follows a consistent structure, beginning with historical context and followed by classroom activities conducted in French schools. Analyses include pupils’ work and didactic insights into how history of mathematics supports conceptual understanding. The book offers bibliographies for further reading and is ideal for mathematics educators, teacher trainers, researchers in mathematics education, historians of mathematics, and mathematicians interested in educational practice.

Table of contents (9 chapters):

Numbers and Calculations
Chapter 1 - A Journey in Mayan Numeration
Chapter 2 - From the Token Abacus to Written Calculation
Chapter 3 - The Mechanisation of Calculation
Chapter 4 - Number Ratios: Another Approach to Fractions

Magnitudes and Measures
Chapter 5 - Doubling the Square with Plato
Chapter 6 - 1793, The Revolution of Time
Chapter 7 - What If We Measured the Schoolyard ? Surveying Experiences

Space and Geometry
Chapter 8 - The Geometry of the Notebooks of Leonardo da Vinci
Chapter 9 - Protect Yourself with Mathematics: The Geometry of Fortifications